The Role of the Golgi Protein GM130 in Cell Polarity and Tumorigenesis

.................................................................................................................. 1 Zusammenfassung .................................................................................................. 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4 Cell polarity ...................................................................................................... 5 Table 1 – Nomenclature of polarity proteins .............................................. 8 Par complex ............................................................................................... 8 Par6 ..................................................................................................... 9 Par3 ..................................................................................................... 9 aPKC .................................................................................................... 11 Table 2 – List of substrates of aPKC ................................................... 12 Par complex in cell migration and invasion ....................................... 12 Par complex in cancer ........................................................................ 13 Crumbs complex ....................................................................................... 17 CRB ..................................................................................................... 17 Pals1 ................................................................................................... 18 PATJ .................................................................................................... 19 Crumbs complex in cell migration and invasion ................................ 20 Crumbs complex in cancer ................................................................. 20 Scribble complex ...................................................................................... 21 Scribble .......................................................................................... 22 DLG ................................................................................................ 24 LGL ................................................................................................. 24 Scribble complex in cell migration and invasion ........................... 25 Scribble complex in cancer ........................................................... 26 Figure 1 – Schematic of polarity proteins localization in apico-basal and front-rear polarity ...................................................................................... 29 References ........................................................................................................ 30 Small Rho GTPases ........................................................................................... 37 Table 1 – Localization of small GTPases ................................................... 39 Actin regulation by Rho GTPases .............................................................. 39 Figure 1 – Main signaling routes downstream of Cdc42, Rac1 and RhoA 42 Rho GAPs .................................................................................................. 42 Rho GEFs ................................................................................................... 44 Rho GDIs .................................................................................................... 47 Figure 2 – Model of the mechanism of action of GDIs ............................. 48 References ........................................................................................................ 51